Guhagarikwa nijambo rusange kubikoresho byose byohereza imbaraga zihuza hagati yikadiri na axe cyangwa ibiziga.Kunyeganyega biterwa nibi bituma imodoka igenda neza.
Imiterere isanzwe ihagarikwa igizwe nibintu byoroshye, uburyo bwo kuyobora no gukurura imashini, hamwe nuburyo bumwe burimo bumpers na stabilisateur.Ibintu bya elastike birimo amasoko yamababi, amasoko yumwuka, amasoko ya coil hamwe nisoko ya torsion, mugihe ihagarikwa ryimodoka igezweho ahanini ikoresha amasoko ya coil hamwe nisoko ya torsion, mugihe imodoka zimwe zateye imbere zikoresha amasoko yumwuka.
Guhagarikwa ninteko yingenzi mumodoka, ihuza byimazeyo ikadiri niziga, kandi bifitanye isano nibikorwa bitandukanye byimodoka.Uhereye hanze, guhagarika imodoka ni inkoni nkeya, imiyoboro n'amasoko, ariko ntutekereze ko byoroshye.Ibinyuranye na byo, guhagarika ibinyabiziga ni ubwoko bw'iteraniro ry'imodoka bigoye kuzuza ibisabwa byuzuye, kubera ko guhagarikwa bigomba kuba byujuje ibyangombwa byo guhumuriza ibinyabiziga no gukemura ibibazo, kandi ibyo bintu byombi bitandukanye.Kurugero, kugirango ubone ihumure ryiza, kunyeganyega kwimodoka bigomba guhunikwa ku rugero runini, bityo isoko igomba kuba yarateguwe kugirango yoroshe, ariko niba isoko idakabije, bizahita biganisha kuri "kuryama". ya feri, "umutwe hejuru" wo kwihuta n'ingaruka zikomeye.Impengamiro mbi yo guhirika ntabwo ifasha kuyobora imodoka, kandi biroroshye gutuma imodoka igenda idahungabana.
Guhagarika ibiziga byigenga
Imiterere yimiterere yo kutigenga kwigenga ni uko ibiziga kumpande zombi bihujwe nikintu kituzuye, kandi ibiziga hamwe nizunguruka bihagarikwa munsi yikadiri cyangwa umubiri wimodoka binyuze mumashanyarazi.Ihagarikwa ritigenga ryigenga rifite ibyiza byuburyo bworoshye, igiciro gito, imbaraga nyinshi, kubungabunga neza, hamwe nimpinduka nto muguhuza ibiziga byimbere mugihe utwaye.Ariko, kubera ihumure ribi no gukemura ibibazo, ntabwo bigikoreshwa mumodoka zigezweho, ahubwo bikoreshwa cyane mumamodoka na bisi.
Guhagarikwa byigenga
Ihagarikwa ryigenga risobanura ko ibiziga kumpande zombi bihagarikwa byigenga munsi yikadiri cyangwa umubiri binyuze mu guhagarikwa byoroshye.Ibyiza byayo ni: uburemere bworoshye, kugabanya ingaruka ku mubiri, no kunoza ifatizo ryiziga hasi;isoko yoroshye hamwe no gukomera gukomeye irashobora gukoreshwa mugutezimbere imodoka;irashobora kugabanya umwanya wa moteri hamwe na centre yuburemere bwimodoka, bityo bikazamura imikorere yimodoka ihagaze;ibiziga byibumoso niburyo byigenga byigenga, bishobora kugabanya guhindagurika no kunyeganyega kwumubiri.Ariko, ihagarikwa ryigenga rifite ibibi nkimiterere igoye, igiciro kinini, hamwe no kubungabunga bitoroshye.Imodoka nyinshi zigezweho zikoresha ihagarikwa ryigenga, rishobora kugabanywamo ibyifuzo, amaboko akurikira, guhuza byinshi, buji na McPherson guhagarikwa ukurikije uburyo butandukanye.
Guhagarika Wishbone
Guhagarikwa kwambukiranya amaboko bivuga guhagarikwa kwigenga aho ibiziga bizunguruka mu ndege ihinduranya ikinyabiziga.Irashobora kugabanywa muburyo bubiri bwo guhagarika no guhagarika ukuboko kumwe ukurikije umubare wamaboko.
Imiterere yicyifuzo kimwe cyoroshye, hagati yumuzingo ni muremure, kandi ubushobozi bwo kurwanya umuzingo burakomeye.Ariko, uko umuvuduko wimodoka zigezweho wiyongera, ibigo byizunguruka birenze bishobora gutera impinduka nini mumaguru yimodoka no kongera amapine uko ibiziga bigenda.Mubyongeyeho, iyo uhindutse cyane, imbaraga zihagaritse zohereza hagati yibiziga byibumoso n iburyo nini cyane, bigatuma kamera yiyongera yibiziga byinyuma.Yaw gukomera kwiziga ryinyuma iragabanuka, bigatuma ibintu byihuta byihuta.Ihagarikwa rimwe-wishbone ryigenga rikoreshwa cyane cyane muguhagarika inyuma, ariko kubera ko ridashobora kuzuza ibisabwa byo gutwara umuvuduko mwinshi, ntabwo rikoreshwa muri iki gihe.Ukurikije niba uburebure bwikigero cyo hejuru no hepfo bingana bingana, icyifuzo cya kabiri cyifuzwa cyigenga kigabanijwemo ubwoko bubiri: uburebure buringaniye bubiri nuburebure butaringaniye kabiri.Ihagarikwa rishobora kugumya guhindagurika kwa kingpin ihoraho, ariko ubugari bwumuhanda burahinduka cyane (bisa nubwoko bumwe bwa wishbone), butera kwambara amapine akomeye, kubwibyo ntibikoreshwa ubu.Kubiri-bifuza guhagarikwa byuburebure butandukanye, mugihe cyose uburebure bwurwego rwo hejuru na hepfo yifuzwa byatoranijwe neza kandi bigashyirwa mubikorwa, binyuze muburyo bwumvikana, impinduka zubugari bwumurongo hamwe nibipimo byimbere byimbere bishobora kuba murwego rwemewe, kugirango menya neza ko imodoka imeze neza.gutwara ibinyabiziga.Kugeza ubu, uburebure buringaniye buringaniye bwa kabiri-wishbone bwakoreshejwe cyane muguhagarika imbere ninyuma yimodoka, kandi ibiziga byinyuma byimodoka zimwe na zimwe za siporo n’imodoka zisiganwa nazo zikoresha iyi miterere yo guhagarika.
Guhuza byinshi-byigenga guhagarikwa
Guhuza byinshi-guhagarikwa ni ihagarikwa rigizwe (3-5) inkoni igenzura impinduka mumwanya wibiziga.Ubwoko bwinshi-bushobora gutuma uruziga ruzunguruka ruzengurutse umurongo ku mpande runaka hamwe na axe ndende yikinyabiziga, ibyo bikaba byumvikanyweho hagati yubwoko bwambukiranya umurongo hamwe nuburebure bwikinyabiziga.Guhitamo neza inguni hagati ya swing arm axe na axe ndende yimodoka irashobora kubona ibyiza byo guhagarikwa kwambukiranya amaboko hamwe no guhagarikwa kwamaboko kurwego rutandukanye, kandi birashobora kuzuza ibisabwa bitandukanye.Inyungu nyamukuru yo guhagarika imiyoboro myinshi nuko ihinduka ryubugari bwumurongo hamwe n-ino-rito ari rito mugihe uruziga rugenda, kandi irashobora guhinduka neza ukurikije ubushake bwumushoferi niba imodoka igenda cyangwa feri.Ikibi cyayo nuko umutambiko wimodoka uzunguruka kumuvuduko mwinshi.
Guhagarika amaboko
Kugenda ukuboko kwigenga kwihagararaho bivuga imiterere yo guhagarikwa aho ibiziga bizunguruka mu ndege ndende yikinyabiziga, kandi bigabanijwemo ubwoko bumwe bwikiganza hamwe nubwoko bubiri bukurikirana.Inguni ya caster ya kingpin ihinduka cyane mugihe uruziga rugenda rwikubita hejuru no hasi, kubwibyo ntanumwe uhagarika ukuboko gukurikira gukoreshwa kumuziga.Amaboko abiri azunguruka yikurikiranya-kabiri-ukuboko guhagarikwa mubusanzwe bikozwe muburebure buringaniye kugirango habeho guhuza ibice bine-bine kugirango impande ya caster ya kingpin igume ihoraho nkuko inziga zizamuka hejuru.Guhagarika ukuboko gukurikira kabiri gukoreshwa cyane cyane kubizunguruka.
Kumanika buji
Imiterere yuburyo bwo guhagarika buji ni uko ibiziga bizamuka bikamanuka bikurikira umurongo wa kingpin ushyizwe kumurongo.Ibyiza byo guhagarikwa kumurabyo ni uko mugihe ihagarikwa ryahinduwe, inguni yumwanya wa kingpin ntizahinduka, kandi inzira ninzira yimodoka bizahinduka gato, kubwibyo rero bifitiye akamaro cyane cyane kuyobora no gutwara neza kwa imodoka.Ariko, guhagarika buji bifite imbogamizi nini: imbaraga zuruhande rwimodoka zizatwarwa na kingpin yambaraga amaboko ya kingpin, bikaviramo kwiyongera kwamakimbirane hagati yintoki na kingpin no kwambara cyane.Kumanika buji ntabwo bikoreshwa cyane muri iki gihe.
Ihagarikwa rya McPherson
Uruziga rwo guhagarikwa kwa McPherson narwo ni ihagarikwa rinyerera kuri kingpin, ariko bitandukanye no guhagarika buji kubera ko kingpin yayo ishobora kuzunguruka.Guhagarika MacPherson nuruvange rwamaboko ya swing hamwe no guhagarika buji.Ugereranije no guhagarika inshuro ebyiri-ibyifuzo, ibyiza byo guhagarikwa kwa MacPherson ni: imiterere yoroheje, impinduka nke muburyo bwo guhuza ibipimo byimbere yimbere mugihe ibiziga byikubita, gufata neza umutekano, guhagarika icyifuzo cyo hejuru, no koroshya imiterere ya sisitemu na sisitemu yo kuyobora; Ugereranije no guhagarika buji, imbaraga zomuruhande rwinkingi zayo ziranyerera cyane.Ihagarikwa rya McPherson rikoreshwa cyane cyane muguhagarika imbere yimodoka nto nini nini.Ihagarikwa ryimbere rya Porsche 911, Audi yo murugo, Santana, Xiali na Fukang ni ihagarikwa ryigenga rya MacPherson.Nubwo ihagarikwa rya McPherson atariryo tekinike yo guhagarika tekinike, iracyari ihagarikwa ryigenga rirambye hamwe n’imihanda ikomeye.
Guhagarika ibikorwa
Guhagarika bifatika ni ihagarikwa rishya rigenzurwa na mudasobwa mu myaka icumi ishize.Ihuza ubumenyi bwa tekinike yubukanishi na elegitoroniki, kandi ni igikoresho cyoroshye cyane-tekinoroji.Kurugero, muri Santilla, Citroen, mubufaransa, aho hashyizweho ihagarikwa rikora, hagati ya sisitemu yo guhagarika ni microcomputer.Amakuru nka amplitude hamwe na frequency, inguni yimodoka nu muvuduko woherejwe kuri microcomputer.Mudasobwa idahwema kwakira aya makuru kandi ikayagereranya nu mbanzirizamushinga kugirango uhitemo imiterere ihagaze.Muri icyo gihe, microcomputer yigenga yigenga ikora kuri buri ruziga, kandi ikabyara gukurura igenzura ihinduka ryumuvuduko wamavuta mumashanyarazi, kugirango ibikorwa byo guhagarika byujuje ibisabwa bishobora kubyara uruziga igihe icyo aricyo cyose.Kubwibyo, imodoka ya Santiya ifite ibikoresho bitandukanye byo gutwara.Igihe cyose umushoferi akurura buto "Bisanzwe" cyangwa "Siporo" kumwanya wibikoresho bifasha, imodoka izahita ishyirwa muburyo bwiza bwo guhagarikwa kugirango ikore neza.
Guhagarika bifatika bifite umurimo wo kugenzura imikorere yumubiri.Iyo inertia yimodoka mugihe cyo gufata feri cyangwa inguni itera isoko guhinduka, guhagarika gukora bizabyara imbaraga zirwanya imbaraga zidafite imbaraga, bityo bigabanye ihinduka ryumubiri.Kurugero, mumodoka ya siporo yo mu Budage Mercedes-Benz 2000 CL, iyo imodoka ihindutse, sensor yo guhagarika izahita imenya ubushake nubwihuta bwumubiri wimodoka.Ukurikije amakuru ya sensor, mudasobwa ibara kubipimo byateganijwe hanyuma igahita igena aho yashyira umutwaro kumuhagarikwa kugirango igabanye umubiri.
Jinjiang Huibang Zhongtian Machinery Co., Ltd. yashinzwe mu 1987. Ni uruganda rugezweho rugizwe na R&D, gukora no kugurisha ubwoko butandukanye bwibice bya chassis.Imbaraga za tekinike.Dukurikije amahame ya "Ubwiza Bwambere, Icyubahiro Cyambere, Umukiriya wa mbere", tuzakomeza gutera imbere tugana umwihariko wibicuruzwa bihanitse, binonosoye, byumwuga nibidasanzwe, kandi dukorere umubare munini wabakiriya bo murugo n’amahanga babikuye ku mutima!
Igihe cyo kohereza: Apr-23-2023